The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in the Effect of Work Ethics and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance

Authors

  • Dian Eko Cahyaningsih Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Dharma Putra Semarang
  • Sugeng Bowo Handayani Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Dharma Putra Semarang
  • Lilik Setiawan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Dharma Putra Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/ijemr.v4i3.671

Keywords:

Employee, Organizational Commitment, Performance, Work Engagement, Work Ethics

Abstract

This study aims to examine the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between work ethics, work engagement, and employee performance. The research was conducted at the Central Java Regional Office of the Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Agency, involving a population of 256 employees. A purposive sampling technique was applied, resulting in 156 valid respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach with the SmartPLS 3 software. The results of the analysis indicate that work ethics and work engagement have a positive and significant influence on organizational commitment. In addition, work ethics, work engagement, and organizational commitment are proven to have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Further mediation analysis using the Sobel test reveals that organizational commitment plays a significant mediating role in strengthening the effect of work ethics and work engagement on employee performance. These findings highlight the importance of fostering ethical behavior and employee engagement to enhance organizational commitment, which in turn contributes to improved employee performance and overall organizational effectiveness.

References

Aflah, K. N., Suharnomo, S., Mas'ud, F., & Mursid, A. (2021). Islamic work ethics and employee performance: The role of Islamic motivation, affective commitment, and job satisfaction. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(1), 997–1007.

Ambarwati, T., Wardhana, E. T. D. R. W., Wardoyo, C., Churiyah, M., & Jihadi, M. (2023). The role of compensation, job rotation, employee engagement and employees performance of SMEs. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(7), e03045.

Anass, E. G., Hamid, A. L., & Abdellah, L. A. K. H. O. U. I. L. (2024). Corporate social responsibility and job performance: The mediating role of employee engagement. African Scientific Journal, 3(23).

Arifin, S. (2024). The Role of Job Satisfaction in Mediating Employee Engagement on Employee Performance. International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities, 5(4), 1–7.

Bataineh, M. T. (2020). The effect of work ethics on job performance in international SMEs. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(5), 154.

Bodiseowei, A. R., & Odiri, V. (2023). Employee Engagement and Organisational Commitment in Nigeria. Journal of Business and Management Studies, 5(1), 1–9.

Caniago, S. A., & Mustoko, D. (2020). The Effect Of Islamic Work Ethics… International Journal of Islamic Business and Economics, 4(1), 30–39.

Carlos Pinho, J., Paula Rodrigues, A., & Dibb, S. (2014). The role of corporate culture... Journal of Management Development, 33(4), 374–398.

Choi, J., & Kim, J. (2023). Work ethics and performance outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 175(1), 113–130.

Dessler, G. (2017). Human Resource Management (15th ed.). Pearson.

Ferine, K. F., Aditia, R., and Rahmadana, M. F. (2021). An empirical study of leadership, organizational culture, conflict, and work ethic in determining work performance in Indonesia's education authority. Heliyon, 7(7).

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) ‘Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error’, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18, pp. 39–50.

Hadi, S., Rokhman, N., Kirana, K. C., Andleeb, N., and Purnasari, E. (2023). The Impact of Islamic Work Ethics and Organizational Justice on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment. Al-Iqtishad: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Syariah, 15(2).

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017) ‘A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.)’. Sage publications, Los Angeles.

Harris, L. C. (2020). Ethics and professionalism in the workplace. Business Ethics Quarterly, 30(3), 420–442.

Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Employee engagement meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(2), 268–279.

Hasaniyah, A., Rahayu, R. P., and Surya, C. L. (2022). The Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Embaddedness on Affective Commitment with Employee Engagement as Intervening Variable: Social Exchange Theory Perspective. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 9(7), 18-32.

Hidayat, C., Hermawan, A., & Berliyanti, D. O. (2024). Organizational culture… Indonesian Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 3(2), 100–120.

Hendri, M.I. (2019), "The mediation effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on the organizational learning effect of the employee performance", International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 68 No. 7, pp. 1208-1234. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-05-2018-0174

Intan, N. R., Suci, R. P., and Dharmayanti, P. H. (2024). Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu Dan Etos Kerja Terhadap Komitmen Organisasional Serta Implikasinya Pada Kinerja Pegawai (Studi pada Puskesmas Singosari Kabupaten Malang). Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah, 3(11), 2977-3000.

Jiatong, W., Wang, Z., Alam, M., Murad, M., Gul, F., dan Gill, S. A. (2022). The impact of transformational leadership on affective organizational commitment and job performance: the mediating role of employee engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 831060.

Jufrizen, J., dan Erika, V. (2021). The influence of work ethics, work engagement and personality on employee performance. International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS), 1(1), 71-78.

Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of engagement. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692–724.

Kreitner, R., & Kinicki, A. (2015). Organizational Behavior (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Luthans, F. (2018). Organizational Behavior (13th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Marbun, I. M., and Purba, C. B. (2021). The effect of work ethic, work discipline, and work from home motivation on performance during the pandemic at PD dharma Jaya. International Journal of Innovation Science and Research Technology, 6(6), 841-848.

Maryati, T., Danupranata, G., Musoli, M., and Nugraha, S. S. (2024). Job Satisfaction’s Impact on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Employee Engagement. SENTRALISASI, 13(2), 13-30.

Macey, W. H., & Schneider, B. (2008). Meaning of employee engagement. IO Psychology, 1(1), 3–30.

Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). Three-component commitment model. Human Resource Management Review.

Mubarok, E. S., & Darmawan, J. (2019). Training, motivation, ethics… European Journal of Business and Management, 11(24), 86–93.

Mubarak, R., Adam, M., & Djalil, M. A. (2020). Work discipline, ethics… IJSSER, 5(03), 687–700.

Nabilla, M., Budiono, B., Witjaksono, A. D., and Wardoyo, D. T. W. (2023). The Effect of Organizational Trust and Job Satisfaction on Job Performance with Employee Engagement as a Mediating Variable. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 4(9), 3418-3428.

Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2017). Human Resource Management (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Patiar, A. and Wang, Y. (2016), "The effects of transformational leadership and organizational commitment on hotel departmental performance", International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Vol. 28 No. 3, pp. 586-608. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2014-0050

Prayogi, M. A., Asmuni, A., and Nasution, Y. S. J. (2023). Islamic Work Ethic in Mediation Influence Spirituality at Workplace, Organizational Changes, Work Ability on Organizational Commitment in Sharia Bank Employees in Medan City. Ikonomika: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 8(1), 123-150. https://ejournal.radenintan.ac.id/index.php/ikonomika.

Republik Indonesia. (2023). UU No. 20 Tahun 2023 tentang ASN.

Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2022). Organizational Behavior. Pearson.

Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational Behavior (18th ed.). Pearson.

Saks, A. M. (2006). Employee engagement antecedents. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(7), 600–619.

Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). Measurement of engagement. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71–92.

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business (7th ed.). Wiley.

Setiawan, L. (2021), "The effect of emotional intelligence, organizational commitment on the team performance of hospital officers in South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi province, Indonesia", International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, Vol. 15 No. 1, pp. 64-82. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPHM-04-2019-0028

Shuck, B., & Reio, T. G. (2014). Employee engagement impact. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 5(4), 1–9.

Suprapto, A. U. F., and Soliha, E. (2023). Pengaruh Quality Of Work Life Dan Employee Engagement Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Mediasi Komitmen Organisasional (Studi Pada Pegawai Dinas Perindustrian Dan Perdagangan Provinsi Jawa Tengah). Jurnal Ekonomika dan Bisnis, 10(1), 139-159.

Suryani, T., and Triyono, R. (2022). The Influence of Organizational Culture, Islamic Leadership, Islamic Work Ethic on Organizational Commitment of Employee at Nahdlatul Ulama University Surabaya with Job Satisfaction as a Mediating Variabel. Business and Finance Journal, 7(2), 117-130. https://doi.org/10.33086/bfj.v7i2.2776

Suparman, T. I. (2024). The Effect of Flexible Work System, Workload, Work Ability, Job Satisfaction, Employee Engagement and Work Stress On Employee Performance (Case Study at PT Mecoindo). Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(3), 1243-1259.

Tenenhaus, M., Vinzi, V. E., Chatelin, Y. M., & Lauro, C. (2005). PLS path modeling. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 48(1), 159–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csda.2004.03.005

Udin, U., Dananjoyo, R., Shaikh, M., & Linarta, D. V. (2022). Islamic Work Ethics, Affective Commitment, and Employee’s Performance in Family Business: Testing Their Relationships. Original Research. SAGEOpen. January-March 2022: 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221085263

Wardiansyah, D. R., Indrawati, N. K., and Kurniawati, D. T. (2024). The effect of employee motivation and employee engagement on job performance mediated by job satisfaction. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), 13(1), 220-231.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-31

How to Cite

Dian Eko Cahyaningsih, Sugeng Bowo Handayani, & Lilik Setiawan. (2025). The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in the Effect of Work Ethics and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance. International Journal of Economics and Management Research, 4(3), 681–690. https://doi.org/10.55606/ijemr.v4i3.671

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.