Fajar Japar Sodik, & Gusganda Suria Manda. (2025). The Effect of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Sales Growth on ROA of Manufacturing Companies listed on the IDX for the 2021-2024 Period. International Journal of Economics and Management Research, 4(3), 79–89. https://doi.org/10.55606/ijemr.v4i3.500