Dzikri Athar et al. 2026. The Effect of Managerial Ownership, Institutional Ownership, and Financial Performance on Carbon Disclouser Emissions in the Metal and Mineral Sub-sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2021-2024. International Journal of Economics and Management Research. 5, 2 (May 2026), 682–693. DOI:https://doi.org/10.55606/ijemr.v5i2.844.